Meaning of -es | Babel Free

Definitions

1. Used to form the regular plural of nouns that end in a sibilant (/s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /t͡ʃ/, or /d͡ʒ/), such as:
   morpheme
2. ch, when pronounced as /tʃ/: glitch→glitches (but psych→psychs)
   morpheme
3. Used to form the third person singular present indicative of regular verbs:
   morpheme
4. that end in (t)ch pronounced as /tʃ/: impeach→impeaches (but psych→psychs)
   morpheme
5. Possessive marker; see -s, -'s.
   idiomatic, morpheme, obsolete
6. j: hajj→hajjes (j is only final in loan words raj, hajj)
   morpheme
7. that end in (s)s: miss → misses, yes → yesses; bus → buses; buss → busses
   morpheme
8. s: bus→buses, Jones → Joneses; waltz → waltzes; yes → yeses.
   morpheme
9. that end in x: tax → taxes; rendezvous → rendezvouses.
   morpheme
10. x: box→boxes; crux → cruces
    morpheme
11. that end in (z)z: fizz→fizzes;
    morpheme
12. z: buzz → buzzes
    morpheme
13. that end in consonant + o in some cases: go→goes (but radio→radios)
    morpheme
14. sh: ash→ashes
    morpheme
15. that end in sh: wish→wishes
    morpheme
16. Used to form the regular plural of nouns that end in a consonant (or qu) + y
    morpheme
17. that end in consonant (or qu) + y: cry→cries (but buy→buys)
    morpheme
18. Used for form the plural of some nouns that end in a consonant + o
    morpheme
19. Used to form the regular plural of nouns that end in /sp/, /st/, /sk/
    dialectal, morpheme

Examples

“lady→ladies, soliloquy→soliloquies (but key→keys)”

“tomato→tomatoes (but soprano→sopranos)”

“post→postes /ˈpəʊstɪz/, /ˈpoʊstɪz/ (standard posts)”

“... whereupon king Henry his sonne, as it may appeare by the later clause of this chapter, recouered diuers eschet[s] of lande within this Realme holden by Normans, whiche after they began to adhere to the French king, the kinges enimy[…]”

CEFR level